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France | Black Communities Face an Education and Policing Test
For Black French communities with roots in Africa and the Caribbean, student protests over school conditions raise connected questions about equal educational opportunity and accountable policing. The demonstrations involve students of many backgrounds, but their implications for historically disadvantaged communities deserve particular attention. Since September 21, 2026, high school students have protested teacher shortages, overcrowded…
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France | Black France: History, Equal Citizenship and the Struggle for Recognition
Black France connects the Caribbean, Africa, the Indian Ocean and Europe. Its history tests how the Republic’s promise of equal citizenship addresses racial inequality, public memory and discrimination.
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United Kingdom | Black Britons: History, Empire, Citizenship and Equality
LexNoir Atlas explores Black British history from early African presence and empire to Windrush, immigration and nationality, equality law, political representation, cultural influence and the continuing struggle for full belonging.
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Europe | EU Puts Racism Back on the Legal Agenda
EU justice ministers have called for stronger implementation of Europe’s anti-racism framework, putting renewed focus on enforcement, anti-Black racism and the lived experience of people of African descent.
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Spain | Afro-Spaniards: History, Identity, Equality and Recognition
LexNoir Atlas: An introduction to Afro-Spaniards and Black communities in Spain, from early Afro-Iberian history to contemporary equality law, migration, racial data, discrimination and belonging.
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Europe | EU Governments Back a Stronger Anti-Racism Agenda
EU justice ministers have approved conclusions backing implementation of the EU Anti-Racism Strategy 2026–2030, reinforcing the bloc’s existing anti-discrimination framework without creating new binding law.
