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United States | African Americans: History, Citizenship, Rights and the Ongoing Struggle for Equality
LexNoir Atlas: A foundational profile of African Americans in the United States, from slavery and emancipation through Reconstruction, Jim Crow, the Great Migration, civil-rights law, voting, education, wealth, policing, institutions and the continuing gap between formal equality and lived outcomes.
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Spain | Afro-Spaniards: History, Identity, Equality and Recognition
LexNoir Atlas: An introduction to Afro-Spaniards and Black communities in Spain, from early Afro-Iberian history to contemporary equality law, migration, racial data, discrimination and belonging.
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The Law of Return — Citizenship, Descent and the African Diaspora
Benin, Barbados, Jamaica and Ghana show how diaspora connection can translate into nationality, citizenship or residence rights—with very different legal consequences.
